人颅腭鞘管与犁鞘管的位置形态及断面解剖学观察

OBSERVATION ON HUMAN PALATOVAGINAL CANAL AND VOMEROVAGINAL CANAL:POSITIONS,FEATURES AND SECTIONAL ANATOMY

目的探讨腭鞘管与犁鞘管的位置形态及断面解剖,并与其相应CT、MRI影像对照,为此区疾病的诊断治疗提供解剖学依据。方法观察104侧颅骨的腭鞘管和60侧犁鞘管的构成和形态。制备3例0.5 mm厚颅底火棉胶冠状切片,与11例病人的冠状位CT影像和1例头颅标本的MRI影像对照观察。结果骨标本上,腭鞘管呈完整管状者占79.8%,呈沟状者为15.4%,未成明显的沟或管者4.8%。犁鞘管呈完整管状者为36.7%,呈沟状者占33.3%,与腭鞘管相通者占15%,未检出者占15%。在4个冠状层面和3个CT、3个MRI层面描述了腭鞘管与犁鞘管及邻近的主要结构。结论冠状位能很好地显示腭鞘管与犁鞘管。

Objective To study the positions, features and sectional anatomy of the polatovaginal canal and vomerovaginal canal, comparing with CT and MRI findings. Methods The palatovaginal canals in 104 sides and vomerovaginal canals in 60 sides of dry skulls were observed. Three adult cephalic specimens were sliced into celloidin contiguous sections on coronal plane （0.5 mm in thickness） and the results were correlated with the CT studies of 11 patients and MR imaging of a cephalic specimen. Results In dry skulls, the palatovaginal canal displayed as complete canal in 79.8% of the cases, while appeared as groof in 15.4%. There was neither significant canal nor groof in 4.8%. The vomerovaginal canal demonstrated as complete canal in 36.7 % of the speciments, while appeared as groof in 33.3 %. This canal was communicated with the lateral palatovaginal canal in 15% and it was not detected in 15% .Four typical slices of the celloidin and 3 plane of CT and 3 plane of MRI were selected and the key structures were described. Conclusion The palatovaginal canal and vomerovaginal canal can be well depicted on coronal plane.