神经元和胶质细胞的相互作用与帕金森病

Interaction Between Glia and Neuron in Pathogenesis of Parkinson′s Disease

帕金森病是黑质多巴胺能神经元变性坏死而引起的神经系统退行性疾病。胶质细胞介导的免疫炎症反应是导致该疾病发生的主要因素之一。活化的小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞释放的多种炎症因子不仅发挥着保护和(或)损伤神经元的作用,而且存在着复杂的相互联系和作用。不仅如此,神经元也可以反过来调控胶质细胞的活性。因此,在帕金森病的发病机理中,神经元和胶质细胞共同构成了一个复杂的神经系统网络。

Parkiuson＇s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder which is caused by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the compact part of nigra. The immunoinflammatory reaction induced by glia is one of the major pathogenetic factors. The cytokines released by activated microglia and astrocyte can protect and （or） injury neurons and react with each other. Additionally, neurons can modulate the activities of glia. So, the neurons and glia form a complicated network that participated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson＇s disease.