不同致死量久效磷中毒家兔体内游离毒质储存库的研究

Stores of free organophosphorus poisons in rabbits poisoned with monocrotophos at different lethal doses

目的探讨不同致死量久效磷中毒家兔体内是否存在游离毒质(FOP)的储存库。方法48只青紫蓝家兔分为2组:久效磷5LD50(11.12mg/kg)组24例,10LD50(22.24mg/kg)组24例。家兔中毒经皮下给药。于中毒后1、6、24、96h,取血、胆汁、肝、肾、脑、肺、肠、肌肉和脂肪组织,分离血细胞和血浆,制备组织匀浆。用DTNB酶动力学法测乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活力,酶抑制法测游离有机磷毒质(FOP)含量。结果5LD50中毒后1、6、24、96h时间点,血浆、血细胞、胆汁FOP含量比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。各组织间FOP含量比较1、6h,P<0.05;24、96h,P>0.05;中毒后96h,血、各组织中无FOP残留时,胆汁中仍有高浓度的FOP。10LD50组与5LD50组比较,FOP在血、胆汁、组织中的含量增加(P<0.05)。结论久效磷中毒FOP在血、胆汁及各组织中的动态分布差异有显著性,中毒早期,血和各组织是FOP的重要储存库,随中毒时相延长,胆囊中的胆汁成为OP中毒动物体内FOP最重要的贮存库。中毒剂量增加,FOP在体内的储存量增加。

Objective To study the stores of free organophnsphorus poisons （FOP） in rabbits poisoned with monoerotophns at different lethal doses. Methods Forty-eight livid blue rabbits, male, 2 - 2.5 kg in weight, were divided into 2 groups： monoerotophos 5LD50 （11.12 mg/kg） group and 10LD50 （22.24 mg/kg） group. Each group consisted of 24 rabbits. Monoerotophos was administered by subeutaneons route. Blood, bile and tissues of l i vet, kidney, brain lung, intestine, muscle and fat were collected at each time interval of 1, 6, 24, 96 hours after administration. Blood ceils and plasma were separated. Well-distributed tissue homogenates was made. Acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） activity was measured acid （DTNB） enzyme kinetic method. The levels of FOPs were determined by enzyme inhibition method. Results A significant difference of FOP concentration in plasma, blood cells and bile at each time interval of 1, 6, 24, 96 h was found （ P〈0.05）. Among tissues at 1, 6 h a significant difference of FOP concentration was also found （ P〈0.05） but with no difference at 24, 96 h （P〉0.05）. Whilst FOPs in blood and tissues were not detectable at 96 h after administration, high levels of FOPs in bile could still be detected . A marked increase in the level of FOP concentration in blood, bile and tissues was detected at the dose of 10LD50 compared with 5LD50 at 1, 6 and 24 h after dosing （ P〈0.05） . Conclusion The distribution process of FOP of monoerotophos in blood, bile and tissues was different. At the early phase of intoxication, blood and tissues were the main stores for FOPs. As time increased after dosing, the bile of gallbladder was the most important store for FOP in animal . An increase in the level of FOP content was recorded at the higher poisoning dose.