浸入不同温度冷水时手指有关生理功能的变化

The changes of physiologicalfunction of fingers being immersed in cold watcr

手浸入２０～５℃水温３０分钟，分别测量手指皮肤温度、血流图和痛觉阈，同时观察手的操作功能。实验结果表明，随着水温的降低，手指皮温比实验前大幅度下降。当水温为２０～１５℃时，手指皮温与水温几乎相同，但当水温降至７～５℃，手指皮温明显高于水温。在２０～１０℃水温下，手指血流图“ｈ”波幅，随着水温的下降而降低，当水温降低为７～５℃时，其降低率明显回升，接近２０℃水温时的水平。手痛觉的敏感性随着水温的下降而降低。手操作功能和灵巧性亦随着水温的降低而下降。对手操作功能有明显的影响水温上限为１５℃，此时工作效率比常温降低１６．５～１９．６％，７～５℃水温出现明显的冷刺激血管扩张效应。

he hands were immersed in water at temDera-ture of 20,15.12.10,7 and 5℃ for 30 minutes.Theresults showcd that the skin temperature of the fin-gers appeared to be significantly decreased with de-creasing of water temperature,The results of thetwist screw test and the collecting ball test showedthat performance function of the finger;was signifi-cantly decreased with decreasing water temperature.The performance of the fingers began to be affected atwater ternperature of l5℃.The rheoencephalographof fingers showed that the percentage of values of“h”wave were decreased by 16.9%,42.3%,49.9%and72.2%at water temperatures of 20,15 and 10℃ re-spectively,but the corresponding percentages were re-covered to 37.5%and 18.8%at water temDeraturesof 7℃and 5℃,indicating a significant effect of thecold induced vasodilation at water temperature of 7℃and 5℃ The threshold value of pain sensation ofhands were also changed with decreasing water tem-perature.