小学一年级受虐待学生死亡概念和自杀意念的分析

Conception of death and suicide ideation of abused children

目的探讨儿童虐待对儿童死亡认知发展的影响,了解受虐待儿童产生自杀意念的情况。方法对符合入组标准的受虐待儿童和正常儿童各80名进行结构式访谈,并评定死亡概念问卷和自杀意念量表,分析两组之间死亡概念认知水平、认知特点和自杀意念的差异。结果受虐待组儿童对死亡概念的认知水平明显低于正常组儿童(水平Ⅲ:75.00%vs88.75%,P<0.05),对死亡特征和死亡外延的认识比对照组差(P<0.01),受虐待组儿童的自杀意念发生率和自杀意念强度均高于正常儿童[1年内:35.00%vs11.25%,(0.82±0.65)分vs(0.35±0.21)分,P<0.01]。结论虐待可对儿童的死亡认知发展过程产生明显的不良影响,使受虐待儿童对死亡概念的认识偏离正常,更容易产生自杀意念。

Objective To analyze the effect of childhood abuse on children＇ s understanding of death, and to ascertain the prevalence of suicide ideation of abused children. Methods 80 abused children and 80 noabused children were assessed employing Death Conception Scale （DCS） and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation （BSSI）. Results The abused children had lower level of cognition of death（ level Ⅲ ： 75.00% vs 88.75%, P〈 0.05） and had less understanding of death characteristics and death epitaxy （ P 〈 0.01 ）, but had higher scores of suicide ideation [ one year：35.00% vs 11.25%, （0.82 ± 0.65 ） vs （0.35 ± 0.21 ）, P 〈 0.01 ] than no-abused children. Conclusion Childhood abuse can impact the development of children＇ s understanding of death and can cause suicide ideation.