10种藜科盐生植物的抗盐生理生化特征

Salt-tolerant Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Ten Species of Chenopodiaceae Halophytes Growing in Deserts,Xinjiang

对新疆荒漠地区10种藜科盐生植物的抗盐生理生化特性进行了研究。结果表明:盐生植物组功能叶中的平均脯氨酸(Pro)含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、有机酸含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化物酶(POD)活性明显高于非盐生植物对照组,可溶性糖含量和膜透性低于对照组,肉质性与对照相比有高有低。资料表明,盐生植物与非盐生植物在许多生理生化特性上存在较明显的差异。初步分析了这些指标间的相关性及其抗盐生理意义,研究结果可为盐生植物的抗盐机理提供一定的理论参考。

The area of the regions with saline soil in Xinjiang is as large as 1.1×10^7 hm^2, it occupies 1/3 of the total in China and 6.6% of the land area of Xinjiang. Secondary soil salinization occurs in 1/3 areas under cultivation, and secondary soil salinization is one of the main causes resulting in low yield of crops in Xinjiang. Saline soil is harmful for growing crops but suitable for the growth of halophytes. The species of Chenopodiaceae halophytes is the most in Xinjiang, so to research the mechanism of salt tolerance of halophytes is of significance for improving saline soil and ecological environment and developing the germplasm resources of salt tolerance of halophytes. In this paper, the salt-tolerant physiological and biochemical properties of ten species of Chenopodiaceae halophytes growing in deserts, Xinjiang, are researched. The test plants include Kalidium foliatum Moq. , Salicornia europaea L. , Salsola ferganica Drob. , Suaeda glauca Bge. , S. salsa Pall. , S. linifolia Pall , S. altissima Pall., Atriplex micrantha C.A. Mey., A. tatarica L. and Bassia hyssopifolia O. Kuntze. The results show that the average values of the contents of MDA, free praline, organic acids, SOD and POD activity of function leaves of Chenopodiaceae halophytes are higher than that of the non-halophytes, but the average values of the contents of soluble sugar and cell membrane permeability are lower. These reveal that there are some differences in many physiological and biochemical properties between halophytes and non-halophytes. The correlations and the salt-tolerant physiological significances of these indexes are primarily studied. The results can provide the references for researching the mechanisms of salt resistance in halophytes.