返乡农民工心理健康状况分析(英文)

Mental health status of home-going peasant-workers

背景:农民工作为中国社会典型的弱势群体,其社会处境已引起普遍关注,因此,深入了解农民工的心理健康状况,提高他们的心理健康水平,对创建和谐社会来说具有重大的现实意义。目的:了解返乡农民工的心理健康状况,为有效干预农民工的心理健康问题提供可靠的依据。设计:横断面调查。单位:衡阳师范学院教育科学系。对象:调查于2005-02在中国15个省完成。采取横断面调查方式,抽取300名春节期间返乡的农民工为调查对象。方法:运用90项症状自评量表进行个别测试;做答前给予指导语,农民工根据最近1周内的自我感觉答题,独立完成,当场收卷。结果数据运用光电阅读机输入计算机进行统计分析。如有5个以上项目未答或总分低于95分的问卷视为无效而不进行分析。所有数据输入计算机后运用SPSS11.0软件包进行统计分析;计量资料的组间差异比较用t检验或方差分析。主要观察指标:①返乡农民工心理健康的基本情况。②返乡农民工心理健康状况的性别、文化程度、打工时间、经济收入差异比较。结果:共发放300份问卷,回收275份问卷,回收率91.67%。最终有245名有效被试进入结果分析。男118人,女127人;年龄16～52岁,平均年龄26.09岁。90项症状自评量表调查结果显示:①受测农民工的SCL-90总分和阳性项目数显著高于中国成人常模[(173.13±44.35,129.96±38.70)(t=15.237,P<0.001);(52.96±20.27,24.92±18.14)(t=21.654,P<0.001)]。②农民工的躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、偏执、精神病性等9项因子分显著高于中国成人常模[(1.73±0.55,1.37±0.48)(t=10.260,P<0.001);(2.12±0.56,1.62±0.58)(t=14.092,P<0.001);(2.10±0.59,1.65±0.61)(t=12.076,P<0.001);(1.99±0.59,1.50±0.59)(t=13.072,P<0.001);(1.88±0.53,1.39±0.43)(t=14.260,P<0.001);(1.98±0.69,1.46±0.55)(t=11.951,P<0.001);(1.74±0.58,1.23±0.41)(t=13.692,P<0.001);(2.00±0.61,1.43±0.57)(t=14.647,P<0.001);(1.81±0.57,1.29±0.42)(t=14.472,P<0.001)]。③受测农民工的心理健康状况没有明显的性别、文化程度、经济收入、打工时间的差异。结论:返乡农民工的心理健康状况显著低于常模水平,性别、文化程度、经济收入和打工时间对返乡农民工的心理健康没有显著影响。

BACKGROUND： As a typical puny cluster in China, peasant-workers have aroused extensive attention because of their social situation. Therefore, it has important praxis significance for establishing harmonious society to penetrate into their mental health status and improve their mental health level.OBJECTIVE： To investigate the mental health status of home-going peasant-workers, so as to provide a reliable basis for the effective intervention of their mental crisis.DESING： A cross-sectional survey.SETTING： Department of Educational Science of Hengyang Normal University.PARTICIPANTS： The investigation was conducted in 15 provinces of China in February 2005. By means of cross-sectional survey, 300 randomly selected home-going peasant-workers were surveyed during the Spring Festival.METHODS： The peasant-workers were tested individually with symptom checklist-90 （SCL-90）; they were given uniform directions and answered each question individually according to their own conditions in the latest week. All the answer papers were handed in on the spot. The data of SCL90 were input with Optical Mark Reader 2000 （OMR2000） into the computer for statistical analysis. The questionnaire in which more than 5 items were left unanswered or the total score was below 95 points was considered to be invalid and therefore rejected for analysis. All the data were input into the computer and statistically analyzed with SPSS 11.0 software; the intergroup differences of the measurement data were compared with the t test or analysis of variance.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① general mental health status of the home-going peasant-workers; ② mental health status compared among the home-going peasant-workers of different gender, educational level, term on duty and earning.RESULTS： Totally 300 questionnaires were sent out, 275 were handed in,and the collective rate was 91.67%. Finally 245 effective participants entered the analysis of results, including 118 males and 127 females, aged 16-52 years old, with an average of 26.09 years old. The investigated results of SCL-90 showed that ① The total score and number of positive items of SCL-90 in the tested peasant-workers were significantly higher than those of Chinese adult norm （173.13±44.35, 129.96±38.70, t=15.237,P ＜ 0.001; 52.96±20.27, 24.92±18.14, t=21.654, P ＜ 0.001）. ②The scores of somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression,anxiety, hostility, phobia anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism of the tested peasant-workers were significantly higher than those of the Chinese adult norm （1.73±0.55, 1.37±0.48, t=10.260, P ＜ 0.001; （2.12±0.56, 1.62 ±0.58, t=14.092, P ＜ 0.001; 2.10±0.59, 1.65±0.61, t=12.076, P ＜ 0.001;1.99±0.59, 1.50±0.59, t=13.072, P ＜ 0.001; 1.88±0.53, 1.39±0.43; t=14.260,P ＜ 0.001; （1.98±0.69, 1.46±0.55, t=11.951, P ＜ 0.001; 1.74±0.58,1.23±0.41, t=13.692, P ＜ 0.001; 2.00±0.61, 1.43±0.57, t=14.647, P ＜ 0.001;1.81±0.57, 1.29±0.42, t=14.472, P ＜ 0.001）. ③ The mental health status had no obvious differences among the peasant-workers of different gender,educational level, earning and term on duty.CONCLUSION： The mental health status of the home-going peasant workers is significantly lower than that of Chinese norm, gender, educational level, earning and term on duty have great influence on the mental health of the home-going peasant-workers.