滨海水牛与山区水牛瘤胃代谢的季节性变化

SEASONAL CHANGES IN RUMEN METABOLISM OF WATERBUFFALOES RAISED IN COASTAL AND INLAND AREAS OF JIANGSU PROVINCE

为研究水牛的营养生态,本文对江苏地区东台海子水牛与盱眙山区水牛的瘤胃代谢和呼吸、体温、心博率等的季节性变化,进行了比较观察。两地牧草营养成份随季节而发生显著变化,春季粗蛋白含量两地均匀为17％以上,超出夏季一倍。秋季二倍;纤维素含量则以春季最低,夏、秋季大幅度增加,实验水牛的瘤胃中乙酸/丙酸(A/P)比率以丘陵山区水牛较高,然均属乙酸发酵类型。海子水牛春秋季的瘤胃代谢水平较高,夏季则相反。冬季含补饲少量精料,两地水牛瘤胃代谢水平接近,均低于放牧期并接近丙酸发酵类型。水牛的体温和呼吸率呈明显的季节性变化,以夏季最高,春季次之,冬季最低;山区水牛高于海仔水牛。两地自然生长的牧草品质低劣,建议应增加豆科牧草比例或添喂非蛋白氮以改善瘤胃氮化谢水平。

The seasonal changes in rumen metabolism of water buffaloes with the year—round variation in pasture nutrient contents were examined and compared between the coastal and inland hilly areas of Jiangsu province. The rate of breath, body temperature and pulse of the animal were also recorded. It was shown that the quality of pastures in both the areas was inferior and there was significant seasonal veriation in the content of pasture nutrients. It was suggested that the native pastures should be improved by increasing leguminous plants or the buffaloes should be provided with additional non—protein nitrogen to improve the level of rumen nitrogen merabolism.