季铵基阳离子型聚酰胺的制备

Synthesis of Cationic Polyamide with Quaternary Ammonium Group

以己二酸、二乙烯三胺、尿素和环氧氯丙烷为原料,用熔融法合成出季铵烷基阳离子型聚酰胺.研究了反应温度、反应时间对产物酸值、胺值和阳离子度的影响.聚酰胺预聚体在170 ℃反应150 min,所得产物的酸值为37.2%;脱氨化反应在125 ℃时反应8 h所得产物的胺值为32.3%;交联反应在70 ℃时反应70 min所得产物的阳离子度为50.8%.测定了产品表观黏度为900～1 500 mPa ＊ s,pH＝6～8,w（固体分）=65%±1%,用凝固点降低法测得聚合物的数均相对分子质量为1.55×104,并对聚合产物结构进行了红外和核磁表征.实验产物较市售产品固含量与表观黏度都有所增加,并且完全溶于水.

Cationic polyamide with quaternary ammonium group was synthesized by melting process employing adipic acid, diethylenetriamine, epichlorohydrin and urea as stating materials. The amidation reaction was carried out at 170℃ for 150 min to give the prepolymer of polyamide with acid number of 37.2%. Deamination reaction of the prepolymer with urea at 125℃ for 8 h gave a product with amic number of 32.3%, Finally the target product with cationic degree of 50.8% was produced by the crosslinking reaction at 70℃ for 70 min. The apparent viscosity of the product reached 800 ～1 500 mPa·s,its pH value was 5～7, and the solid content of the product was 66% ±1%. The number average relative molecular mass of the product was 1.55× 10^4 by freezing-point depression. Structure of the product was characterized by IR and HNMR spectra. Compared with the commercial product, this product has improvement in solid content and apparent viscosity.