序批式生物膜反应器的除磷特性及影响因素

Characteristics and Affecting Factors of Phosphorus Removal in Sequencing-Batch Biofilm Reactor

针对连续流生物膜法有机物去除率和脱氮率高、除磷率低的缺点，为提高生物膜的除磷效率，通过构建厌卓／好氧交替运行的序枇式生物膜反应器（SBBR），合理调控厌氧和好氧段的运行时间，处理广州地区碳源偏低的城市污水，考察SBBR除磷的效率和特性．结果显示，当进水总磷（TP）质量浓度为1．65～7．10mg／L时，出水TP质量浓度在0．085-0．5mg／L之间，去除率达到90％以上．在此基础上，对SBBR的厌氧和好氧段的工．艺特性及控制影响因素进行分析，指出厌氧／好氧交替运行的工序是采用SBBR处理城市污水时高效除磷的前提和基础，且磷有效释放量、有机物降解与除磷效率之间具有良好的线性相关性，确保厌氧磷的最大有效释放是SBBR系统高效除磷的关键．

In the biofilm reactor with continuous flow, the removal efficiency of phosphorus is very low, while those of organics and nitrogen are very high. In order to solve these problems, an alternating anaerobic/aerobic sequencing-batch biofilm reactor （SBBR） was built up. By reasonably controlling the anaerobic and aerobic time, the municipal wastewater in Guangzhou with low carbon content was then treated, and the efficiency and characteristics of phosphorus removal were investigated. The results show that the mass concentration of total phosphorus （TP） in the effluent reaches 0.085 - 0.5 mg/L at a influent TP content of 1.65 - 7.10 mg/L, and that the removal rate reaches more than 90%. Moreover, by the further analyses of the characteristics and controlling factors of anaerobic and aerobic phases in SBBR, it is concluded that the alternating anaerobic/aerobic process is the prerequisite of effective phosphorus removal, that the maximum valid amount of released anaerobic phosphorus is key to the efficiently removal of phosphorus in SBBR due to the good correlation among the valid phosphorus release, the organic removal and the phosphorous removal efficiency.