论侵占罪中侵占行为的前提要件

Discussion on the Premise of the Misappropriating Behavior in the Crime of Embezzlement

刑法理论界的通说一致认为,侵占罪中侵占行为成立的前提要件是合法持有。但这种观点人为地限定了侵占罪构成的范畴,有违刑法设立侵占罪之目的。事实上,在认定侵占行为的前提要件———持有时,只能对持有作事实上的理解,不能作性质上的判断,即不能够将行为人先前对财物的持有限定为合法持有,只能考虑持有事实本身对侵占罪认定的意义。所以,侵占罪中侵占行为成立的前提要件是持有而非合法持有。

An authoritative standpoint in the criminal circle is commonly known as that the premise of the misappropriating behavior in the crime of embezzlement is the legal possession. This point limits arbitrarily the scope of the constitution of the crime of embezzlement, which is opposite to the legislative aim of the criminal law concerning the crime of embezzlement . In fact, when we judge the premise of the constitution of the crime of embezzlement, we can only confirm the fact of misappropriating behavior, and can not judge the possessing property, namely, we can not limit the possessing property to the legal one, and only need consider the significance of the possessing fact to the crime. So the premise of the misappropriating behavior in the crime of embezzlement is not the legal possession but the fact of possession.