相对论的历史与哲学启示

History and Philosophy Revelation of Relativity Theory

从科学思想史的角度考察相对论思想的发展史,探讨经验主义和操作主义在狭义相对论建立过程中的哲学启发作用,探讨了爱因斯坦思想与洛伦兹及彭加勒的区别;重新分析了马赫原理与广义相对论思想源流的关系,采用试错法分析在广义相对论创立过程中新的物理思想与新的数学工具的相互作用,从新的角度讨论相对论时空观包含的时空相对性与绝对性的辩证关系,探讨了爱因斯坦思想与马赫的区别和联系。

This paper inspects thought development of relativity theory from the viewpoint of scientific thought history, inquires philosophical inspiration function of empiricism and operatism during the process of constructing special relativity, and reconsiders the logical-historical relation between Mach's principle and general relativity thought, analyses the process of constructing general relativity by the trial-error method, discusses dialectical relation between relative space-time and absolute space-time in relativity space-time viewpoint from a new angle of view.