气温变化对黄河流域蒸发能力的影响

Impact of Temperature change on Potential Evaporation in Yellow River Basin

气温是影响流域蒸发的一个重要因素，根据黄河流域蒸发能力与气温的关系，建立了简洁且实用的指数型蒸发能力估算公式，分析了气温变化对流域蒸发能力的影响。结果表明：黄河流域简洁指数型公式具有与高桥浩一郎公式同样好的蒸发能力估算效果，在气温升高1℃的情况下。流域蒸发能力约增加5．0％～7．0％；干燥系数约为3时，蒸发能力随气温的变率最大。

Temperature is one of important factors which can affect potential evapotranspiration. According to the field data of air temperature and evaporation recorded at 12 gauging stations in Yellow River Basin, the exponential relationship between air temperature and potential evaporation were established. Based on the relationship, the effect of change in temperature on potential evaporation was studied. And results show that the established experiential formula of evaporation estimation has the similar good calculation result compared with Gao＇ s formula. The potential evaporation in Yellow River Basin will increase 5% -7% when the rise of air temperature is 1 degree. The response rate of evaporation to change in temperature has biggest value at aridity index of 3.