吐鲁番地区葡萄斑叶蝉发生规律及种群空间分布型研究

Occurrence and spatial distribution of Erythroneura apicalis (Nawa), (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) populations in Turpan area

对新疆吐鲁番地区葡萄斑叶蝉在葡萄园葡萄上的发生规律及种群空间分布型进行了研究.结果表明,该蝉在吐鲁番地区1年发生4代,1代高峰在5月中旬,其余各代世代重叠.其空间分布和温度变化关系密切,在春季平均气温20～30℃之间,种群趋于分布在藤架的中、高部位,而随着夏季温度的升高,种群向中、低位较荫蔽的部位转移,并通过在遮蔽物下躲藏或在阴凉湿润的土壤表面停留降温等措施度过极端温度.采用Taylor幂法则、Iwao的m^＊-m回归分析法分析表明,吐鲁番地区葡萄斑叶蝉发生活动期为聚集分布,并且随种群密度的变化,呈现扩散-聚集-扩散-聚集-扩散-聚集的变化规律.

The occurrence and spatial distribution of Erythroneura apicalis （Nawa） populations infesting grapes in Turpan area, Xinjiang were investigated and analyzed by using Taylor＇ s Power Law and Iwan＇s regression method. The results showed that the E. apicalis could complete 4 generations every year in Turfan aera. The first peak appeared during the second ten days of May and the rest generations overlapped with each other. The spatial distribution of its populations linked with the variation of temperature. During the spring with temperature variation between 20℃ and 30℃, its populations tended to colonize the middle and upper part of pergola of grape. With the temperature rising during summer, the population transferred to the middle and lower position of pergola , and got through the extreme temperature with such habits as hiding below the veil and staying at the cool and humid surface of soil, etc. The analysis of Iwao＇ s patchiness and Taylor＇ s law showed that the spatial pattern of E. apicalis within its developmental period was aggregated, h was also confirmed that E. apicalis had the characteristics of regular aggregation and dispersion incidence in its population dynamics.