银川市青少年体重指数与血压关系的研究

The study on relationship of body mass index and blood pressure of adolescent in Yinchuan

目的探讨银川地区13-18岁青少年体重指数(BMI)与血压的关系。方法按照WGOC推荐的中国儿童青少年超重、肥胖分类标准建议以及中国学生体质与健康研究组推荐的儿童高血压标准。采用随机整群抽样的方法,对银川市7619名13-18岁青少年的体质指数和血压进行了横断面的调查。结果在控制了年龄、性别、民族的影响后,13-18岁青少年的BMI与收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)正相关,偏相关系数分别为0.219和0.207(P<0.01);并且随BMI的增大SBP和DBP也不断升高(P<0.05)。高SBP率、高DBP率、高血压患病率以及患高血压的相对危险度(RR)随BMI值的增加而增高,与正常体重组相比,超重组和肥胖组的高血压患病率分别高达0.77%和3.19%,RR分别为2.20和9.11(P<0.05);不同年龄组中,与BMI正常组比较,超重、肥胖组的男、女性及汉、回族中高SBP率、高DBP率显著增高(P<0.05);不同体重组中,男性高SBP率、高DBP率显著高于女性(P<0.05);汉、回族间无差别。结论银川地区13-18岁青少年的BMI与血压呈独立正相关,超重和肥胖者患高血压的危险性显著增加。

Objective To identify the relationship of body mass index （I3MI） and blood pressure of 13 - 18 years adolescent in Yinchuan. Methods A cross - sectional survey on epidmaiological characteristics of obesity with stratified cluster sampling method carried out in Yinchuan. 7619 students aged 13 - 18 yeats were selected as research subjects according to the category criterion of overweight and obesity in adolescent of China was recommended by WGOC, and the diagnostic criterion of hypertension in children was recommended by CDC in the China, Results After the age, gender and racial were adjusted, the BMI positive correlation with systolic blood pressure （SBP） and diastolic blood pressure（DBP） was found independent in 13 - 18 years adolescents（ P 〈0.05） and the partial relation coefficients （r）between BMI and SBP and DBP were 0. 219 and 0. 207, respectively. The means of SBP and DBP in obesity group were significantly higher than overweight, while overweight was significantly higher than normal weight group （ P 〈0.05） .The prevalence rates of hyper - SBP, hyper- DBP and hypertension were significandy different（ P 〈0.05） When compared with the normal weight group.The relation risk（RR） for hypertension in overweight group and obesity group were 2.20 and 9.11 respectively. The prevalence rates of hypertension in overweight and obesity group were 0.77 96 and 3.19 96 after age was adjusted. After age and nationality was adjusted, the prevalence rate of hypertension of man and women are increased signiflcandy, and after age and gender was adjusted, the prevalence rate of hypertension of Han nationality and Hui nationality adolescents is increased significantly When compared with the normal weight group（ P 〈0.05）. In the same weight group, the prevalence rate of hypertension of man is significantly higher than women（ P 〈0.05）, and the prevalence rate of hypertension is same between Han nationality adolescents and Hui nationality adolescents（ P 〉0.05）. Conclusion The BMI positive correlation with SBP and DBP was found independent in 13 - 18 years adolescent in Yinchuan, and the risk for hypertension maybe increased significantly when these people with overweight and obesity.