5个微卫星座位与河北荷斯坦母牛乳成分性状关系研究

Study on Relationships between Five Microsatellite Loci and Milk Composition Traits in Hebei Holstein Cows

选择与奶牛乳成分性状紧密相关的5个微卫星座位BM1818、BM143、BM1443、BM1905、BM711,用非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法分析其在90头河北荷斯坦母牛中的遗传变异。计算了5个微卫星座位的等位基因频率、杂合度、多态信息含量和有效等位基因数,并利用最小二乘法拟合线性模型初步探索了这5个微卫星座位与河北荷斯坦母牛乳成分性状的关系。结果表明:微卫星座位BM1818对乳干物质率影响显著;微卫星座位BM143和BM711对305 d产奶量、乳脂率、蛋白率和干物质率影响显著;微卫星座位BM1443对305 d产奶量影响显著;微卫星座位BM1905对305 d产奶量、蛋白率影响显著。显著影响305 d产奶量的最有利基因型在BM143座位上为102 bp/120 bp,在BM1443座位上为160 bp/160 bp,在BM1905座位上为182 bp/195 bp,在BM711座位上为182bp/182 bp;显著影响乳脂率的最有利基因型在BM143座位上为100 bp/112 bp,在BM711座位上为173 bp/188bp;显著影响蛋白率的最有利基因型在BM143座位上为120 bp/120 bp,在BM1905座位上为177 bp/189 bp,在BM711座位上为180 bp/188 bp;显著影响牛乳干物质率的最有利基因型在BM1818座位上为278 bp/282 bp,在BM143座位上为100 bp/112 bp,在BM711座位上为173 bp/190 bp。

Genetic variation of five microsatellite loci BM1818, BM143, BM1443, BM1905 and BM711 which were closely linked to milk composition traits was analyzed in 90 Hebei Holstein cows with nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Allele frequency, heterozygosity, polymorphic information content, the effective number of alleles of five microsatellite loci were calculated. Relationships between five microsatellite loci and milk composition traits in Hebei Holstein cows were preliminarily analyzed by least squares linear model. The results indicated that microsatellite BM1818 had significant effect on dry matter percentages microsatellites BM143 and BM711 had significant effects on milk yield at 305 d, fat percentage, protein percentage and dry matter percentages microsatellite BM1443 had significant effect on milk yield at 305 d; microsatellite BM1905 had significant effects on milk yield at 305 d and protein percentage. 102 bp/120 bp at BM143, 160 bp/160 bp at BM1443, 182 bp/195 bp at BM1905, 182 bp/182 bp at BM711 were the most favourable genotypes for milk yield at 305 d. 100 bp/112 bp at BM143, 173bp 188 bp at BM711 were the most favourable genotypes for fat percentage. 120 bp/120 bp at BM143, 177 bp/189 bp at BM1905, 180 bp/188 bp at BM711 were the most favourable genotypes for protein percentage. 278 bp/282 bp at BM1818, 100 bp/112 bp at BM143, 173 bp/190 bp at BM711 were the most favourable genotypes for dry matter percentage.