亚洲和太平洋地区的高等教育改革

Higher Education Reform in Asia and Pacific Area

在全球化浪潮的影响下,亚洲和太平洋地区的高等教育取得了巨大发展。随着冷战格局的破灭,亚太地区国家的高等教育逐步摆脱了对美国或苏联模式的“依附”,开始走向“自立”;其高等教育扩张政策的推行,也使由大学升学竞争带来的“学历病”有所缓解。在亚洲地区高等教育大众化过程中,私立高等教育不断壮大,逐步由“边缘”地位走“向主导”地位。近年亚太地区国家所采取的应对全球化战略的高等教育改革举措主要包括四个方面:1)运营效率化;2)保证教育质量;3)研究高度化;4)推进国际化。这些举措对日本有诸多启示。

The higher education in Asia and Pacific Area has made much progress with the impact of globalization. With the perdition of cold war situation, the higher education in states of Asia and Pacific Area has gradually broken away from the dependence on the models of America and Soviet Union and has tended to be more independent, and the implementation of the expansion policy for higher education makes the problem of more and more people pursuing higher education experience because of enrollment competition mitigated. In Asian Area, in the development process of mass higher education, private higher education has gradually played a dominant role instead of the previous marginal situation because of its grandness. In recent years, in order to reply the impact of globalization, the strategies taken in higher education reform of Asia and Pacific Area include four aspects as follows：pursuing great efficiency of the running of colleges and universities,assuring educational quality, intensing scientific research, advancing internationalization. All the strategies can provide some important reference for the development of Japanese higher education.