小脑后下动脉(PICA)的显微解剖研究

Microsurgical anatomy of posterior inferior cerebellar artery

目的研究小脑后下动脉(PICA)的显微解剖结构。方法对16具(共32侧)完好的人脑标本在显微镜下测量PICA。结果平均管径(1.23±0.48)mm,24侧(75.0%)由同侧椎动脉发出,距椎基汇合点(18.83±4.92)mm,19侧(59.4%)走行于第Ⅸ￣Ⅺ脑神经后方。结论小脑后下动脉是颅后窝椎基动脉系统较重要的分支,变异多;熟悉其解剖结构,在手术中多加保护是非常必要的。

Objective To study the microsurgical anatomy of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery （PICA）. Methods Sixteen Chinese adult brains （32 sides） were measured for the diameters, lengths, origins, courses, and branches of the PICA. Results The mean diameter of the PICAs was （1.23±0.4） ram. The PICA of 24 sides （75.0%） arose from ipsilateral vertebral artery （88.9%）, the length from its origin to the vertebrobasilar junction was （18.83±4.92） mm, and 19（70.4%） lay behind the Ⅸ-Ⅺ cranial nerves. Conclusion PICA is an important artery in the posterior vertebral artery system, and it is necessary to master the microsurgical anatomy of PICA and be careful during the neurosurgical operations.