福建省广州管圆线虫6种新宿主的发现及疫源地的感染率周年变化

Discovery of the new hosts for six species of Angiostrongy cantonensis and investigation on the epidemic foci in Fujian province

目的探讨福建省广州管圆线虫病自然疫源地的状况。方法选择有广州管圆线虫感染病例或螺类和鼠粪检查阳性的连江、南安2县、市6个村为调查点,在春、夏、秋季对中间宿主、转续宿主和保虫宿主的感染情况与感染因素等进行调查分析。结果两县、市6个村共采集检查中间宿主与转续宿主22种7169个样本,发现感染广州管圆线虫幼虫者14种。感染率最高的是褐云玛瑙螺,为36.12%(108/299),其次是沼水蛙和高突足襞蛞蝓,分别为34.72%(25/72)与25.83%(273/1057)。秋季和距离居民点5m内的环境,螺类感染率最高。14种感染宿主中,一待定种环棱螺、光滑颈蛞蝓、罗氏巨楯蛞蝓、黄蛞蝓、双线大蛞蝓和沼水蛙,为广州管圆线虫首次报告的新宿主。结论证实连江、南安2县、市6个村为广州管圆线虫严重的自然疫源地。推想全国同纬度、同自然环境条件地区均有可能有本病的自然疫源地。

To explore the natural situation in epidemic loci for angiostrongyliasis, six villages in Lian-jiang and Nan-an countries of Fujian province were selected, where A. cantonensis infection was prevalent or snail and murine examinations showed positive results, and the infections of intermediate hosts, reservoir hosts, transport hosts and the related factors in spring, summer and autumn seasons were investigated. All together, 7169 samples from 22 species of intermediate and transport hosts were examined, and the A. cantonensis larvae from 14 specie were Observed, in this investigation. The highest rate of infction consisted of Achatina fulica （36.11%）, and the next involved Hylarana guentheri （34. 72%） and Vaginulus alte （25.83%）. Among 14 infected hosts, Bellamya aeruginosa , Deroceras leave-like, Deroceras leave, Macrochlamys loans, Zimax flavus, Meghimatiumbilinestum（benson） and Hylarana guentheri were found to be the first- discovered hosts for A. cantonesis. From the observations in the present study, it is concluded that the investigated villages in Lian-jiang and Nan-an counties of Fujian province are the natural epidemic loci of A. cantonensis infection, and this worm may exist in the same latitude or entironment as these counties.