我国突发公共卫生事件应急预警体系的现状

Problems and difficulties of early warning and response system for public health emergencies in China

目的了解我国现有的突发公共卫生事件应急预警体系的现状以及存在的问题,为建立合适的应急预警体系提供依据。方法采用定性研究的方法,以专题小组讨论的形式对部分疾病预防与控制的工作人员进行访谈。结果SARS以后,国家加强了对公共卫生的投入和突发事件的应急能力建设,但是现有的应急预警体系仍存在以下问题:1薄弱的政策与法规;2政府投入仍显不足;3疾病监测信息利用率低;4缺乏规范合理的预案。结论我国突发公共卫生事件应急预警体系仍存在较多问题,建议加大政府公共卫生经费投入,完善疾病监测网,加强教育和培训,建立高素质的人才队伍。

Objective To study current situation and existed problems in the public health emergency alert and response system so as to formulate more advices to consummate it and help to establish a more reasonable system adapting to our country. Methods A qualitative study was carried out among CDC working staff including two focus group discussions （FGD）. Results Although government had put more emphasis on public health ,increasing its devotion and strengthening the alert and response capability after SARS outbreak, some problems still existed, such as ① absence of correlative laws and rules; ② lack of government devotion; ③insufficient utilization of surveil- lance information; ④lack of the canonical response guidance. Conclusions With regard to the building up of the public health emergency alert and response system, the following proposals are put forward ： increasing payout on public health ; consummating the construction of disease surveillance network ; affording more education and training to correlative staff engaged in the disease control to improve their abilities.