具体情境下的“经验”概念——从对“观察渗透理论”命题的批判说起

A Conception of Experience in Specified Context——From A Criticism to "Theory-loadenness of Observations"

由于误读前后期维特根斯坦不同的意义观,汉森对“观察渗透理论”命题的论证包含着深刻的逻辑张力。而对这一命题的批判考察进一步导向了一种与科学实践的具体情境紧密相关的“经验”概念。这一概念可以从具体情境下解释用具意义的实践活动、经验结构内在的解释学循环和实践参与者与情境的关系这样三个角度得到阐明。

N. R, Hanson＇s arguments for the proposition of ＂theory loadenness of observations＂contained some deep tensions logically, because of his misunderstanding about the different conceptions of meaning hold by earlier and latter Wittgenstein. However,a critical review for that proposition will imply a new coneption of Experience,which is immediately related to the specified context of scientific practice. That new conception can be illustrated probably in three senses, which consist of the practice which interprets the meaning of instrument in specified context, the hermeneutical circle which exists in the intrinsic structure of experience, and the relationship between practitioners and contexts.