都江堰枢纽分流规律研究

Study on water-diversion of Dujiangyan Project

根据都江堰枢纽区67年的实测流量资料分析了都江堰鱼嘴和宝瓶口的分流规律。1949年以前的十多年间,春灌期内江分流不到五成,而在主汛期则接近六成,说明“分四六”的法则并不确切。1974年修建外江闸以后,春灌期内江分流接近75%,而汛期只有37.5%,鱼嘴分流比历史传说的“分四六”还要优越。宝瓶口的引水量受飞沙堰、人字堤维护及凤栖窝淘淤的影响,1992年建成工业引水挡水闸后10年没有淘淤,同样保证了宝瓶口的引水。外江闸和工业引水挡水闸的修建,极大地改善了都江堰的分流条件,对春灌引水和汛期防洪都提供了基本的保证。

According to the measured data of 67 years in Dujiangyan, the rule of water-diversion of Fish-mouth and Precious-bottle-neck is studied in this paper. For more than 10 years before 1949, the water-diversion into Neijiang River was less than 50 percent in spring-time, while it was almost 60 percent in flood season, so that the rule of diversion ratio 40% to 60% is not exact. After the Waijiang Gate was constructed in 1974, the water-diversion into Neijiang River is close to 75 % in spring-time while it is only 37.5 % in flood season, the water-diversion of Fishmouth is now superior to the diversion ratio 40% to 60% in the past. The amount of water input into Preciousbottle-neck is influenced by the Sand-flying weir, maintenance of Renzi dike and digging in Fengqiwo. The industrial gate, built in 1992, ensures the water income of Precious-bottle-neck even without any digging for 10 years. The Waijiang gate and the industrial gate greatly improve the conditions of water-diversion of Dujiangyan, ensure the irrigation in spring-time and the security in flood season.