近50年中国气温变化的区域差异及其与全球气候变化的联系

Spatial Divergency of Temperature Change During 1951-2000 in China and Its Correlation With Global Climate Change

采用1961-1990年逐年年平均气温资料,运用旋转经验正交函数(REOF),将中国大陆划分为8个气温变化区。之后依据1951-2000年逐月气温和年平均气温资料,采用线性回归和滑动平均等方法分析各个区域的气温变化趋势和特征。最后分析了六个遥相关指数与每个区域年平均气温、冬季气温、夏季气温标准化序列的相关关系,指出中国气温变化与全球气候变化的相关性。研究发现:1951—2000中,我国大陆35oN以北地区年平均气温变暖显著于35oN以南。23-35oN、90-112.5oE即青海南部、西藏东部、四川和云南的西部变冷。所有区域90年代为最暖期,且都存在显著变暖趋势。35oN以北地区冬季的变暖速率显著大于夏季和年平均气温的升温速率。我国的气温变化与全球气候变化有一定程度的相关关系,而且不同季节,响应全球大气变化的区域也不同。

Based on the data of annual mean temperature from 1961-1990, the Chinese main land was partitioned to 8 regions by Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Functions（REOF）. Then based on the monthly mean temperature and annual mean temperature from 1951 to 2000, these regions＇ temperature changing characters were studied. Then, the correlation between annual, winter and summer standardized temperature and remote correlation coefficients were calculated to analyze connectionship between Chinese temperature change and global climate change. The results of these studies were summarized below： during 19.51 to 2000,annual temperature had been increasing more obviously in regions north of 35°N than those south of 35°N. Annual temperature had decreased in the region of 23-35°N,90-112.5°E, including southern Qinghai,eastern Tibet,western Sichuan and western Yunnan. In all of China, 1990s was the warmest ten years among the 50 years and its temperature had increased most obviously. In regions north of 35 N, winter mean temperature had increased much faster than summer mean temperature and annual temperature. China＇s temperature change was correlated with global climate change. And in different seasons, correlation properties were different.