有机和常规生产系统中甜瓜的生长发育和产量分析

Analysis of Plant Growth, Development and Yield of Muskmelon under Organic and Conventional Production Systems

在有机和常规两种生产系统中,研究了不同施肥水平对春秋两季甜瓜生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明:在施肥水平较高的春季,甜瓜伸蔓期至果实发育中期,两种系统对甜瓜生物量没有显著影响;在果实成熟期,有机生产系统中甜瓜的生物量较高,但经济产量与常规系统差异不显著。秋季生产试验降低了施肥量,在发育前期,有机生产的甜瓜生物量显著小于常规生产,果实成熟期差异不显著,但经济产量降低了9.8%。在同一生产系统内,施肥量对植株生物量和产量均无影响。不同生产季节对甜瓜的生长发育影响显著,春季甜瓜的生育前期生长缓慢,后期迅速,秋季相反;春季植株的总生物量和经济产量大于秋季。甜瓜干物质分配在伸蔓期以叶片为主,中后期以果实为主,不同生产系统和施肥水平不影响干物质在各器官的分配比例。

Effects of fertilizer level on plant growth, development and yield of muskmelon in spring and autumn were studied under organic and conventional production systems. The results indicated that from stem growth period to middle period of fruit development, organic and conventional production systems had no significant effect on muskmelon＇s biomass in spring with higher fertilizer level. In fruit mature period, muskmelon had higher biomass in organic production system, but there was no significant difference on market yield in both systems. Fertilizer level was reduced in autumn experiment. In former development period, muskmelon＇s biomass in organic system was significantly lower than that of conventional one, but the difference was not remarkable in fruit mature period though market yield reduced by 9.8% in organic system. Fertilizer lever had no effects on plant biomass and yield in the same production system. Different growing seasons had significant effects on plant growth and development of muskmelon. Muskmelon plant grew slower in former period and faster in later period in spring, and this reversed in autumn. Total dry mass and yield of muskmelon in spring was larger than that of autumn. Dry mass partitioning of muskmelon mainly went into leaf in stem growth period and to fruit in later period. Production system and fertilizer level had no effect on the rate of dry mass partitioning in different muskmelon organs.