城市轨道交通建设项目职业病危害预评价

Pre-Assessment of Occupational Disease Hazard in the Construction Project of an Urban Subway

目的了解城市轨道交通建设项目可能产生的职业病危害因素及分布情况,探讨其防护的对策和管理措施,为卫生行政部门审批建设项目提供科学依据。方法选择与建设项目同城市并建成营运的一、二号线进行类比调查,采用检查表法、类比法、经验法与定量分级法相结合的原则进行预评价。结果该建设项目建成营运后可能产生的主要职业病危害因素有噪声、电磁辐射、高温、粉尘、毒物等;项目选址与总体布局、生产设备布局、职业病防护设施设计、卫生辅助用室设置、职业卫生管理和应急措施等基本符合国家有关规定。结论该建设项目属于一般职业病危害的建设项目,按职业病危害预评价报告的要求,采取职业病危害因素防护措施,建立健全职业卫生管理制度和应急措施,可使营运过程中产生的职业病危害降到最低点,从职业卫生角度分析该项目是可行的。

Objective To explore occupational hazards in an urban subway and study the preventive measures and management, to provide scientific evidence for the inspection by health administrative departments on this construction project. Methods Analogizing was used by selecting Ist and 2nd subway which is similar with this construction project. The assessment was proceeded by using checklist, analogizing, and quantitative classification and experience analysis methods, Results The main occupational hazard factors that may exist in this construction project were： noise, electromagnetic radiation, high temperature, dusts, and poisonous chemicals, etc. This construction project＇s Jtems jncluding the selection of site, the overall layout, the arrangement and layout of the facilities, occupational disease prevention and protection establishment, the facilities of auxiliary rooms, occupational health management and emergency rescue measures accorded with the requirements of laws and legislation of occupational health. Conclusion The constructive project is a general occupational harmful project. The project corporation should take adequate preventive measures, set up and perfect occupational health management system and emergency rescue measures according to pre - assessment process - verbal of occupational disease hazard. The risk of occupational disease in this construction project could be minimized. From the view of occupational health, this construction project is feasible.