甘肃省碘缺乏病重病区健康教育效果评价

Effect evaluation of health education for iodine deficiency disorders in rural areas,Gansu Province

目的 探索贫困地区及碘缺乏病重病区开展健康教育的有效模式，评价其效果。方法 对目标人群开展多种形式防治碘缺乏病健康教育，于教育前后用碘缺乏病知、信、行问卷（询问式）对目标人群进行调查和到居民家中进行食用盐碘含量的半定量检测。结果 干预后教师知识知晓率提高近20％；学生知识知晓率提高20％～35％（P〈0．01）。五年级学生高于四年级的学生；主妇／户主知晓率提高近10％。碘盐食用率从82.2％提高至91．0％。结论 健康教育及相关的活动用品提供激发和促进了学生进行社会活动的积极性。通过老师-学生-家长（居民）这一宣传链。将健康教育扩大影响到家庭及社会，有助于当地居民知、信、行的改变。

Objective To explore effective health education models, school-pupil-family （inhabitants） on iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） and promote the progress of IDD control in Gansu Province. Methods In areas undergoing the program, students in 4th, 5th grade, teachers, housewives （inhabitants） were questionnaired at randomly. The contents of questionnaire included knowledge, faith and action of IDD control. Households edible salt was semi-quantified by rapid rest kits during the investigation. Results 208 adult inhabitant.s aged 23-75 years old, 257 4th, 5th grade pupils and 22 teachers at baseline, 100 inhabitants, 108 pupils and 12 teachers after implementation of health education program were surveyed. The rate of IDD knowledge increased 20 % in teachers; 20 % -35 % in the 4th, 5th grade pupils, which was the highest significantly improved groups of all; less than 10% in inhabitants. The edible iodized salt rate in households increased from 82.8% to 91.0 % . Conclusion Program of health education has been concerned about general knowledge, environment and practice education item. The key information about IDD control transmitted from teachers to family was very important. The contents, mcasures and relative tools of IDD control health education promoted the interesting and positivity in the implement of education program, and the effects were improved too. The program revealed that IDD health education, through propaganda approach of school-pupil-family （inhabitants）, helped to change the faith, actions of IDD control of inhabitants,