文艺复兴时期哲学对近代科学起源的影响

On How Renaissance Philosophy Affects the Origin of Modern Science

了解近代科学的起源并不是一个简单的内在史问题,而是一个更为广泛的文化问题。对科学主体以及科学认识过程等问题的解决,是科学要独立和成熟的必要条件。其中,作为对“中世纪”观念进行彻底革命的文艺复兴时期的哲学,为科学的确立提供了最为广泛的文化土壤。同时,我们还可以发现:科学本身就是一种人类思想活动的实践综合形式,是实证精神和人文精神的有机结合,而并不是简单的实证主义式的工具操作形式。

The orgin of modern science is more than an innate historical issue. Instead, it is a matter of culture in a general sense. The identification of scientific subjects and scientific cognitive process is the precondition of the independence and maturity of science. Renaissance philosophy, as a revolutionary replacement of the Middle Age ideology, provides fertile cultural soil for the establishment of science. We also realize that science itself is the comprehensive practice of human ideological activities and a combination of positivism and humanism, rather than the simple instrumental operation of positivism.