PPAR-γ作用及其相关信号转导途径

Function of PPAR-γ and Related Signaling Pathways

过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体(peroxisomeproliferater-activatedreceptor,PPAR)是一类配体激活的核转录因子超家族成员,包括PPAR-α、PPAR-β/δ和PPAR-γ三种表型,其中以PPAR-γ的研究最为深入。PPAR-γ通过JAK-STAT、激活蛋白-1(AP-1)、NF-κB、活化T细胞核因子信号通路(NFAT)来抑制炎症反应;通过抑制泡沫细胞(foamcell)的分化、炎症反应以及细胞增殖来抑制动脉粥样硬化的发生发展;通过磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶(PI3K)、瘦素、脂链素等信号通路来参与糖稳态的调节;通过细胞周期的调控来影响肿瘤生长;参与脂肪细胞分化并与肥胖密切相关。明确这些相关信号通路以及相关细胞因子的作用,可对相关疾病机制及防治进一步提供有力依据和干预途径。

Peroxisome proliferater-activated receptor （PPAR） is among nuclear transcription factors superfamily and is activated by ligand. PPAR has three subtypes which are PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ. Among these subtypes, PPAR-y has been thoroughly studied. PPAR-γ inhibits inflammation by blocking JAK-STAT, activator protein-1 （AP-1）, NF-κB, nuclear factor of activated T cells （NFAT） signaling pathways. It ameliorates sclerosis by inhibiting foam cell differentiating, inflammation and cell proliferation. It maintains glucose homeostasis by PI3K, leptin, adiponectin signaling pathway. It inhibits tumor cells growth by mediating cell cycles. Also, it is closely related to obesity by participating in adipocytes differentiation. Thorough understanding of those signaling pathways and interaction of relevant cytokines might help us while treating relevant diseases.