文本、语境与内涵:马克思“完整的人”概念考察

Text, Context and Intension: Review for the Conception of Marx' "Totaler Menschen"

在马克思的人学思想中,“完整的人”的概念占有着十分重要的地位。但长期以来,马克思在《1844年经济学-哲学手稿》所提出的这一概念,一直被视为“青年马克思”的不成熟观点而被忽视。从文本及历史语境的角度,重新考察马克思“完整的人”的概念及其生成条件、生成过程、生成途径,可以看到,“完整的人”概念作为贯穿于马克思哲学体系中的一条重要线索,对于马克思“人的全面发展”理论的形成产生了深远的影响,至今仍具有深刻的启示与意义。

In the humanity theory of Marxism, the conception of ＂totaler Menschen＇is very important. However in the past long time, the conception, which was firstly brought forward in （the manuscript of economics and philosophy in 1844）, was regarded as an immature theory of ＂Young Marx＂ and was ignored by scholars. In this paper~ the authors study the meaning of ＂totaler Menschen＂, the condition, the course and the way from which the conception of＂Totaler Menschen＂sprang out. The authors believe that ＂Totaler Menschen＂ is an important clue throughout the whole Marx＇ philosophy theory. It has profound infections on the form of the theory of the well-balanced human beings, and till today, it is full of enlightenment and full of practical meanings.