詹姆逊视野中的精神分析

Psychoanalysis in Jameson's Perspective

詹姆逊是美国新马克思主义思潮的主要理论代表。詹姆逊吸收了精神分析学的某些观点,认为“辨证的批评”应当显示文艺作品的内容,揭示被压抑的无意识和原始经验。同时,对弗洛伊德和拉康的精神分析理论进行了比较重要的修正。他把弗洛伊德的生物性“个体无意识”和拉康的“语言无意识”修正为“政治无意识”,并把政治分析和文学分析结合在一起,他还将精神分析“历史化”,使政治无意识成为一切文本和文本阐释的决定因素。

Jameson is a major representative of American new - Marxism trend. Absorbing some psychoanalysis points of view, Jameson thinks that dialectical criticism should demonstrate the content of literary works, suppressed unconsciousness and original experience. At the same time, Jameson made some essential changes to Freud and Laocoon＇s psychoanalysis. He turned Freud＇s ＂biological individual unconsciousness＂ and Laocoon＇s ＂ language unconsciousness＂ into ＂political unconsciousness＂ , combining political analysis with literary analysis. Besides, he studied psychoanalysis from a historical perspective, turning political unconsciousness into the most important factor in the interpretation of literary texts.