不同负荷运动训练对大鼠血清β-内啡肽、皮质酮和血浆T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

Effects of different load exercise training on serum beta endorphin,corticosterone and plasma T lymphocyte subsets of rats

目的:观察长时间不同负荷运动训练对大鼠免疫系统功能和内分泌系统反应的影响。方法:实验于2005-06/08在淮阴师范学院体育系运动生化实验室完成。选择健康雄性SD大鼠24只,随机分3组,对照组、120min训练组、60min训练组,每组8只。对照组:平时不运动,自由饮食。60min训练组:前1周每天适应训练30min,然后每天无负重游泳1次,60min/次,共8周。120min训练组:适应期每天游泳增加10min,直至每天游泳120min,共8周。运动条件:玻璃钢游泳池150cm×60cm×70cm,水深60cm,约为大鼠身长2倍,水温(31±1)℃。大鼠末次游泳24h后,依次麻醉,从腹腔动脉处各取血5mL置于洁净的离心玻璃试管中,室温放置0.5h低温分离血清(4℃,3000r/min,10min),-30℃保存,采用放射免疫法测定血清β-内啡肽、皮质酮、白细胞介素2的含量,从腹主动脉取血2mL,置于一个加抗凝剂的玻璃试管中,采用酶标法测定血浆T细胞亚群(CD3+,CD4+,CD8+)数目。结果:纳入动物24只,均进入结果分析。①大鼠体质量的变化:训练后对照组、60min训练组,120min训练组的体质量较训练前有显著增加,120min训练组的体质量增长率显著低于60min训练组和对照组;60min训练组的体质量增长率显著高于对照组。②大鼠下丘脑和血清β-内啡肽以及血清皮质酮水平:与对照组相比,120min训练组训练后下丘脑和血清中β-内啡肽水平显著升高,60min训练组下丘脑中β-内啡肽含量显著升高,血清中含量显著降低。与对照组相比,120min训练组血清中皮质酮水平显著升高,60min训练组大鼠血清中的皮质酮水平显著降低。③大鼠血浆T淋巴细胞亚群数目及血清白细胞介素2:与对照组相比,120min训练组训练后血清白细胞介素2含量显著下降,60min训练组血清中白细胞介素2水平显著升高。与对照组相比,60min训练组血清CD3+,CD4+数目显著升高,CD8+数目差异无显著性,120min训练组CD3+,CD4+含量显著升高。结论:不同负荷运动训练对大鼠免疫功能和神经内分泌的影响不同,两系统之间的内部机制需进一步探讨。

AIM： To observe the effects of different long-term load exercise training on function of immune system and response of endocrine system of rats. METHODS： The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Sports and Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education of Huaiyin Teachers College from June to August 2005. In total 24 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, control group, 120-minute training group （120-minute group）and 60-minute training group （60-minute group） with 8 rats in each group. Control group： rats seldom exercised and ate freely. 60-minute group： in the first week, rats received adaptation training for 30 minutes every day, then swam once each day without load for 8 weeks and 60 minutes each time. 120-minute group： swimming training on rats for adaptation increased by 10 minutes each day until reached to 120 minutes per day, which was 8 weeks in all. Training condition： fiber glass swimming pool sized of 150 crux60 crux70 cm and was 60 cm deep, which was about two times of rat＇s body length, and the water temperature （WT） was （31±1） ℃. Rats were anesthetized one by one at 24 hours after last time swimming, and 5 mL blood extracted from arteria coeliaca were placed into clean centrifuge glass tubes for half an hour at room temperature, serum of which were separated in low temperature （4 ℃, 3 000 r/min, 10 minutes）, and then preserved at -30 ℃. Contents of corticosterone, plasma beta endorphin （β-Ep） and interleukin-2 were tested by using radio-immunity method; 2 mL blood extracted from abdominal aorta were placed into a test glass with decoagulant added into, number of T lymphocyte subsets （CD3^＋ CD4^＋ CD8^＋） were tested by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. RESULTS： A total of 24 animals were included and involved in the analysis of resuhs.①Changes in body mass of rats： those in the control group, 60-minute group and 120-minute group significantly increased than those before training, and the growth rate of body mass in 120-minute group was obviously lower than that in the 60-minute group and control group; And that in the 60-minute group was remarkably higher than that in the control group. ②Levels of β-Ep in plasma and hypothalamus and plasma corticosterone： compared with the control group, levels of β-Ep in plasma and hypothalamus in the 120-minute group after training were markedly enhanced; Contents of β-Ep in hypothalamus of 60-minute group were significantly increased, whereas that in plasma was obviously decreased. Compared with control group, level of plasma corticosterone in the 120-minute group were significantly enhanced, whereas that in the 60-minute group was markedly decreased. ③Number of plasma T lymphocyte subsets and interleukin-2 in rats： compared with control group, content of plasma interleukin-2 in 120-minute group after training was remarkably decreased, and that in the 60-minute group was markedly increased. Compared with control group, number of plasma CD3^＋ and CD4^＋ in 60-minute group was significantly increased, and difference in number of CD8^＋ was not remarkable,and contents of CD3^＋ and CD4^＋ in the 120-minute group were significantly increased. CONCLUSION： Different load exercise training has different effect on function of immune system and response internaof endocrine system of rats, more investigations must be done onl mechanism between the two systems.