小鼠心脏破裂模型的建立及其影响因素

Establishment and Assessment of a Mouse Model of Post-infarct Cardiac Rupture

目的探讨定量控制心肌梗死面积建立稳定小鼠心脏破裂模型的可行性,初步了解小鼠心脏破裂发生特点和规律。方法140只雄性C57BL小鼠随机分为冠状动脉高、中、低位结扎组各40只和假手术组20只,根据分组建立急性心肌梗死模型。术后观察心脏破裂发生时间、部位和破裂率,7d后对存活小鼠行微导管术观察血流动力学变化及心脏病理组织学检查。结果(1)心脏破裂发生时间窗为心肌梗死后2～6d。中位结扎组心脏破裂率明显高于其余各组(P均<0.05);(2)高位结扎组心肌梗死面积比明显高于中位及低位结扎组(P均<0.05);(3)高位结扎组血流动力学指标较其余各组明显恶化(P均<0.05);(4)组织病理学观察中位结扎组心肌内出血和炎性细胞浸润评分较高位及低位结扎组明显增加(P均<0.05)。结论通过定位结扎冠状动脉形成中等面积心肌梗死,可以建立稳定心脏破裂模型,符合人类心脏破裂病理发展过程,是临床研究的一种动物模型。

Objective To establish and assess a mouse model of post-infarct cardiac rupture to characterize pathogenesis of ventricular rupture. Methods One hundred and forty male C57BL mice were randomized into 4 groups - sham operated, high, middle and low level ligation group based on location of occlusion left coronary artery and underwent open-chest surgery to induce myocardial infarction （MI）. The time-window, location and incidence of ventricular rupture were observed during 7 days postinfarct. Hemodynamics, gross and histological examinations were undertaken after 7 days following MI. Results The time-window of left ventricular rupture was at 2-6 days after MI. Incidence of rupture in mice of middle level ligation group was significantly high than other groups （P〈0.05）. The infarct size of high level ligation group was significantly high than other groups （P〈0.05）. The high ligation group mice had worse hemodynamics compared with SH and other groups（P〈0.05）. The pathological examination indicated that score of intramural hemorrhage and accumulation of inflammatory cells in middle ligation group was significantly high than other groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusions The mouse post-infarct cardiac rupture model were stable and reliable, and may be used for experiment research of post-infarct ventricular rupture.