深圳特区居民不同职业人群的自测健康状况调查研究

Study on the Self-Rated Health of Different Occupations in Shenzhen City

目的了解深圳市不同职业人群的自测健康状况。方法应用自测健康评定量表(SRHMSV1·0)对深圳特区5940个个体进行现场测试。结果深圳市不同职业人群的SRHMSV1·0总分差异存在显著性意义(P<0·01),在校学生SRHMSV1·0总分最高,无业或下岗、家务和离退休人员SRHMSV1·0总分较低;不同职业人群的自测生理健康子量表分差异存在显著性意义(P<0·01),在校学生及制造生产运输等工人分值较高,离退休、家务、无业或下岗等人员分值较低;不同职业人群的自测心理健康子量表分差异存在显著性意义(P<0·01),在校学生、机关企事业管理人员及专业职称技术人员分值较高,无业或下岗、家务等人员分值较低;不同职业人群的自测社会健康子量表分存在显著性差异(P<0·01),在校学生、办事或一般业务人员、专业职称技术人员及机关企事业管理人员分值较高,无业或下岗、家务及离退休等职业人员分值较低。结论深圳市不同职业人群健康状况最好的是在校学生,最差的是无业或下岗、家务和离/退休人员;以体力劳动为主的职业人员(工人、服务业、个体)生理健康状况高于以脑力劳动为主的职业人员(管理、技术、业务员),但社会健康状况前者低于后者。

Objective To find out the status and difference of self - rated health among people of different occupations in Shenzhen city. Methods Totally 5940 individuals in Shenzhen city were examined with SRHMS V1.0 assessment. Results Total score of the SRHMS V1.0 for Shenzhen citizens of different occupations is significantly different （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, with that of the students being the highest , and those of the unemployed or laid - off workers, the retirees and the house - holders being lower among the eleven occupations. The score of physiological health subscale for Shenzhen citizens of different occupations is significantly different （ P 〈0. 01 ）, with those of the students and the industrial workers being higher, and those of the retirees, the house - holders, the unemployed or laid - off workers being lower. The score of psychological health subscale for Shenzhen citizens of different occupations is significantly different （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, with those of the students and the administrators and special professional personnel being higher, and those of unemployed or laid - off workers and the house - holder lower. The score of so- cial health subscale for Shenzhen citizens of different occupations is significantly different （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, with those of the students, normal business men, administrators and special professional personnel being higher, and those of unemployed or laid - off workers, the house - holders, the retirees lower. Conclusion Among the eleven kinds of occupations, the students are the best in health status, the employed or laid - off workers, the retirees and the house - holders are the worst, health, The individuals who mainly engage in physical labor are better in physiological health, but worse in social health, as compared with those of the individuals who mainly engage in mental labor.