植物的繁育系统、遗传结构和遗传多样性保护

Plant breeding system, genetic structure and conservation of genetic diversity/

达尔文和最早的群体遗传学理论，都认为繁育系统对生物的遗传多样性和进化起重要作用。本文首先介绍用蛋白质电泳检测植物繁育系统的优点，然后讨论中外学者的实验结果，表明在植物众多特征中，如生活型、是有性繁殖还是无性繁殖等都能影响群体遗传结构，但最显著的是繁育系统和群体遗传分化两者间的关系。因此我们能从植物的繁育系统推测群体遗传结构，进而提出监测遗传多样性的取样策略。

ince Darwin and the earliest theory of population genetics, it has been well known that breeding system plays an important role in genetic diversity and evolution of organisms. After elucidation of the rationale for the use of protein electrophoresis in assesment of breeding system of plants, experimental results obtained by Chinese and foreign scientists has been cited. Although many characters of plants such as life form, mode of reproduction etc. do influence genetic structure of populations, the most significant matter is the relationship between breeding system and population genetic differentiation. Since that we can make a deduction from breeding system to population genetic structure, and further to sample strategies which are critically important to monitoring genetic diversity of in situ conservation and ex situ conservation.