病毒治癌

Virus as a Therapeutic Agent for Cancers

病毒治疗癌症近来有新进展．分子生物学技术的发展，大大促进了病毒在寄主专一性、基因传递的定位性及溶解癌细胞方面的研究：选择适当的病毒种类，根据癌细胞特征性表面蛋白的特性修饰病毒的表面蛋白，使之对癌细胞具有更强的亲和性；去除病毒中原有的致病基因如癌基因，并根据靶细胞的特性针对性地改造有关病毒基因如插入适当的抗癌基因，可能构建成安全有效的工程病毒用于癌症治疗．病毒治癌除具有较强的特异性外，和其他基因治疗方法相比，还具有能利用寄主细胞进行自我复制、级联放大以克服初始剂量不足等特点．

Great progress has been made in therapeutic virus for cancer. The development of molecular biology techniques has greatlyenhanced research on some properties of virus in host-specific, in gene site-specific integration and in oncolysis. It is possible to build up an engineering virus which will be safer and more efficient as an anticancer agent bymodification of virus surface proteins to get strong affinity to cancer cell, by deletion of oncogene from oncogenic virus or of special pathogenic gene to reduce pathogenicity of virus, and by inserting certain anticancer gene such as a silencer to centain gene site based on specificity of target cell and certain virus species. Besides, compared with other gene therapy, another special advantage is that virus DNA can automultiply replicate itself in host, which has a characteristic of cascade amplification for compensating primary dosage when the dosage is deficient.