转基因的分子生物学特性

Molecular Biological Characteristics of Transgene

现代分子生物学研究中，转基因概念的出现越来越频繁，它渐渐被用来表示所有的用基因工程手段构建、导入高等真核生物细胞，并稳定地整合入受体基因组的外源ＤＮＡ．文章较系统地总结了已见报道的转基因的结构类型、它在受体细胞内的遗传学行为、表达特性和影响因素及其相应的生物学效应；分析了转基因研究中尚待研究的问题。

Transgene, a concept becoming more and more widely used in modern molecular biology research, has been used to refer to all the foreign genes which were reconstructed and transfered by genetic engineering strategies, and then stably integrated into the genomes of higher eukaryotic cells. The types of transgene structure, its genetic behavior in the recipient cells, the characteristics of transgene expression,the factors involved in the expression regulation and the biological effects of the transgenes are reviewed. The unknown problems in the transgenic research are illustrated. The necessity of doing the systematical research about the molecular biological characteristics of the transgenes is pointed out.