释《春秋》必以周礼明之——读刘文淇《春秋左氏传旧注疏证·注例》

Role of the Zhouli Rites in Explanation of Spring and Autumn Annuls——After reading Liu Wenqi's Notes and Examples,ChunQiu Zuoshi Zhuan Jiuzhu Shuzheng

刘文淇《春秋左氏传旧注疏证·注例》中倡言“释《春秋》必以周礼明之”,使其《左传》学回到了汉代《左传》学的起点,对内找到了贾、服等汉儒旧注的源头,对外与汉代和清代的《公羊》学在经义和治经方法等方面划清了界限。在此基础上,刘文淇进一步清理了杜预《左传》注的凡例错误,其后世子孙对周礼的内涵又加阐论,并将其《疏证》的凡例拓展为三大研究领域,建构起刘氏《左传》学的经学体系。

Liu Wenqi advocated, in his Notes and Examples, ChunQiu Zuoshi Zhuan Jiuzhu Shuzheng, that explanation of Spring and Autumn Annuls must involve corroboration with the Zhouli Rites, which set the study of Zuo Zhuan to its starting point in Han Dynasty. This has traced the origin of the previous commentaries by fotTner Confucianists. Meanwhile, it has drawn a clear demarcation line with the study of Gong Yang Zhuang in Han and Qing Dynasties in regard to the true meaning of Confucian classics and research method. Besides, Liu Wemqi further clarified misunderstandings of notes and examples in Du Yu＇s explanation of Zuo Zhuan. His descendants illustrated the contents of the Zhouli Rites and extended the introductory study of Shu Zheng to three domains of study. Thus constructed the Liu＇s system of Zuo Zhuan research.