三江平原地区农业开发与动物物种多样性保护

Agricultural Development and Animal Species Diversity Conservation in the Three River Plain Areas,China

三江平原地区位于中国的东北角，总面积１０．８９万ｋｍ２，其中山地面积４２２４０ｋｍ２，平原面积６６６４０ｋｍ２，原始沼泽面积为４４３３０ｋｍ２，为全区面积的４１．０５％，为我国最大的湿地，生物多样性十分丰富，据统计本区有脊椎动物３７７种。丰富的自然条件为本区的经济发展提供了优越的条件，特别是农业的发展，本区的开发始于５０年代末，随着农业的发展，本区已成为我国最大的商品粮基地。但是缺乏合理开发利用的长远规划，自然环境日益恶化，生物多样性遭到极大破坏。为了挽救濒危物种，许多合理开发利用计划已制定，科学研究亦得到广泛开展，同时加强了法制教育和自然保护区建设，为濒危物种提供安全、安静的栖息环境。许多物种已得到恢复。

The Three River Plain Areas is located in the northeast of China.The total area is 108 900km2.Among them,44 330km2 are wetland,it is about 41.05% of the total area.It is the largest wetland in China.Animal species diversity is very abundant.377 vertebrates were recorded here.The rich environment provides excellent condition for economic development,especially for agricultural development.The area has become the most important commodity grain base in China. Because of the short of long plan for the development in the area,the natural environment was destroyed greatly in recent years.The wetland area reduced sharply,the animal species diversity decreased quickly. In order to protect species diversity,many rational plans had been made for development and utilization of wetland in the area.Meanwhile,scientific research was developed widely,and education on wildlife protection and the construction of natural reserves were strengthened. Now mang endangered species have resumed in the area.