东北地区盐碱土特征及其农业生物治理

Characteristics and Agro-Biological Management of Saline-Alkalized Land in Northeast China

东北地区是我国四大盐碱土分布区之一。特殊的气候、地形和水文地质等自然因素以及人类不合理的农业技术措施和社会生产活动等人为因素加剧了该区盐碱化发生、分布与演变。本文系统分析了东北地区盐碱土的分布、成因及盐碱特征;阐述了其农业生物治理措施:种稻洗盐、耕作措施、培肥措施、种植耐盐植物和生物排碱;并对该区盐碱土农业生物治理措施及今后的工作提出了几点建议。

Northeast China is one of the four main regions of saline-alkalized land of our country, and the occurrence, distribution and evolution of the saline-alkalized soils is a comprehensive result of natural factors （such as peculiar climate, topography, hydro-geology etc.）, and irrational agricultural and social activities of human. Distribution, formation and characteristics of the saline-alkalized land in Northeast China was systematically analyzed and agro-biological measures for management of saline-alkalized soil were illustrated, including cultivation of rice to towash down salts, cultivation practices, soil building practices, plantation of salt-tolerant plants and biological removal of alkali, etc. in the paper. At the end, several suggestions were made for agro-biological treatment of and future research on saline-alkalized land in Northeast China.