河流健康评价在城市河流管理中的应用

Application of river health assessment for urban river management

建立具有河流水文、河流形态、河岸带状况、水质理化参数、河流生物5类一级指标及17个二级指标的城市河流健康评价指标体系.基于上海市2001～2005年间完成的53份河道整治工程可行性研究报告、丽娃河及张家浜河流监测数据,从河流管理的现状评估、规划、后评估3个阶段,探讨城市河流健康评价方法的应用.现状评估显示,整治前丽娃河流速、河床稳定性、河道护岸形式、大型无脊椎动物、氨氮等指标有待于进一步改善;规划评估表明,当前河流管理规划案例中,对河岸带状况、河流生物群落缺乏足够重视,河流廊道连续性及可达性等尚未得到充分关注;后评估表明,张家浜综合整治在河流水文、河流形态、河岸带状况、水质理化指标、河流生物等方面成效显著,但河道改变、河道护岸形式等个别指标有所降低.在此基础上,从河流健康视角审视河流管理现状,提出河流健康与河流管理的集成框架.

An index system of urban river health assessment possessing 5 first grade indexes （river hydrology, physical form, streamside zone, water quality phoysicochemical parameter and aquatic life） and 17 second grade indexes was established. Based on 53 river regulation engineering feasibility study report, Liwa Stream and Zhangjiabang Creek monitoring data completed in the year 2001-2005, the application of urban river health assessment technique in 3 stages （present situation appraisal, planning and post-project appraisal） of river management was explored. The present situation appraisal showed that before regulation the indexes of flow velocity, bed stability, river course bank protective form, macroinvertebrates and ammonium nitrogen required further amelioration. The planning appraisal results showed that in present more attention should be paid to streamside zone state and river organism population, and the continuity and reach ability of river corridor did not get ample attention. Post-project appraisal indicated that the effect of zhangjiabang comprehensive regulation was marked in respect of river hydrology, physical from, streamside zone, water quality physicochemical indexes and aquatic life. Alteration and bank protective form were reduced somewhat. On this basis, looking closely the present situation of river management from the visual angle of river health, an framework between river health and river management was posed preliminarily.