中国明对虾AFLP分子标记遗传连锁图谱的构建

Genetic mapping of the Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis using AFLP markers

以中国明对虾抗WSSV(白斑综合症病毒,WhiteSpotSyndromeVirus)选育群体第四代为母本,野生中国明对虾为父本,采用单对杂交方式产生F1代,F1代个体姊妹交产生F2代共42个个体为做图群体。62对AFLP选择性引物组合共产生529个分离位点,符合1∶1孟德尔分离类型位点共253个,3∶1孟德尔分离类型位点共276个。利用拟测交理论分别构建中国明对虾雌虾、雄虾的遗传连锁图谱,利用F2自交模型构建共同的AFLP分子标记连锁图谱。三张连锁图上分别有31、25和44个连锁群,图谱分辨率为分别为2.4cM、2.4cM和2.1cM。标记间隔距离分别为12.20cM、11.45cM和11.12cM图谱覆盖率分别达到50.21%、51.93%和48.08%。能够基本满足进行QTL(数量性状位点,QuantitativeTraitLocus)定位的需要。将该图谱和其他对虾类遗传连锁图谱进行了比较分析,探讨了利用相关分子标记将已有图谱进行整合的可能。

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism （AFLP） markers were used to construct the linkage map of Fenneropenaeus chinensis. We sampled maternal individual from the fourth successively selected generation of disease resistance population of F. chinensis and paternal individual from wild population, respectively. Artificial insemination was used to generate F1 family; F2 families totally 42 bodies came from sisterhood intercross between F1 families. Sixty-two primer combinations produced 529 segregating bands; of which 253 segregate in a 1 ： 1 model and 276 in a 3 ： 1 model. The female and male 1 ： 1 ratio makers were used to construct the respective linkage based on the pseudo-testcross strategy. The female linkage map contained 94 segregating markers, which were linked in 31 linkage groups （including linkage couples）, covering 51.39 % of F. chinensis genome with the interval of 12.20 cM. The male linkage map contained 81 segregating markers, which were linked in 25 linkage groups, covering 50.21% of F. chinensis with the interval of 11.45 cM. The 276 markers in a 3：1 model were used to construct the common F. chinensis linkage map based on F2 intercross model strategy. The common linkage map consists of 44 linkage maps with 129 markers, covering 48.08 % of F. chinensis genome with the interval of 11.12 cM. Based on the marker density and the resolution of the map, the linkage map can satisfy the need for QTL location. The linkage map was compared with the maps of other shrimps and the possibility of combining the three maps through other molecular markers was discussed [ Acta Zoologica Sinica 52 （3）： 575-584, 2006].