太极拳运动对老年人心脏影响的超声研究

Investigation of the effect of Taijiquan exercise on the heart of the elderly

目的研究长期规律太极拳运动对老年人心脏结构和功能的影响. 方法随机抽取81名60～75岁老年人,其中对照组38人, 太极拳锻炼组43人,2组均排除临床诊断心血管疾病及糖尿病等严重疾病,测定各组的心脏超声指标并对各组之间的超声指标进行比较. 结果男性太极拳锻炼组与对照组相比,左室舒张末内径指数（LVDdI）、每搏量（SV）显著增高（P＜0.01）,左室前后径向心缩短率（LVFS）、舒张早期心室充盈速度最大值/舒张晚期心室充盈速度最大值（E/A）、射血分数（EF）明显增高（P＜0.05）,心率（HR）显著降低（P＜0.01）;女性太极拳锻炼组与对照组比较,LVDdI、LVFS、EF、SV有显著增高（P＜0.01）,E/A明显增高（P＜0.05）,HR明显降低（P＜0.05）. 结论长期坚持太极拳锻炼,可以有效地改善老年人心脏结构和功能指标,对于延缓心脏机能老化有着积极的意义.

Objective To investigate the effect of long-term and regular practice of taijiquan on the cardiac structure and function. Methods Eighty-one people aged 60-75 years were ramdomly divided into two groups：control group（38） and Taijiquan exercise group （43）. Both groups had not any clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes or some other serious diseases. Their ultrasonic indexes of the heart were determined and compared. Results LVDdI and SV of the male group practising Taljiquan were obviously higher than those of the control group（ P〈0.01 ）. LVFS, E/A, EF were higher than those of the control group（P〈0.05） ,while HR was obviously lower than that of the control group（ P〈0.01 ） ; IVDdI, LVFS, EF, SV of the female group practising Taijiquan were obviously higher than those of the control group（P〈0.01）. E/A was higher than that of the control group（P〈0.05） and HR was lower（P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Practising Taijiquan over a long period of time can effectively improve the cardiac structure and function index of the elderly, and is helpful to postpone the aging of cardiac function.