施肥对不同品种麦田CO_2通量的影响

Effects of Fertilizer Application on CO_2 Fluxes from Wheat

为探讨施肥对小麦田间CO2释放量的影响,设计以四个不同施肥水平为主处理,以三个不同年代的主栽品种碧玛1号、烟农15号、山农11号为研究对象,采用封闭式静态暗箱技术,应用LI-6400型便携式光合测定仪(美国)在作物生长期测定土壤CO2释放量和光合速率。同时测定了作物的生理生化指标(株高、叶绿素含量、旗叶叶面积)和生物量以及环境影响因素土壤温度和水分等。研究结果表明:(1)施肥有利于增加土壤CO2释放量,且中氮处理水平释放量最多。(2)土壤温度和水分对土壤CO2释放量有一定的影响,土温越高,水分越大,CO2释放越多。

To understand the CO2 emission from soil crop system as influenced by crop growth and application nong- system of fertilizer ,pot and field experiments were carried out during Bima-1,Yannong - 15 and Shan- 11 wheat growing seasons. Black chambers were used to take gas samples within a closed soil-crop system. Use LI-6400 type portable light and measure apparatus （U.S.A.） to determine the soil CO2 releasing amount in growth period of crop. And we tested water stress of soil, the dry matter weight, photosynthetic rate and the above-ground biomass, the ratio between root and canopy, the high of wheat, chlorophyll content, the area of flag leaves .The results showed that the application of fertilizer can improve the CO2 emission of soil. The temperature of soil and water stress of soil were main factor for determining change law of release amount of CO2 from soils and those rising and falling bring out the increase and decrease of release amount of CO2.In certain range of nitrogen fertilizer application rates, the dry mater weight, photosynthetic rate, the high of wheat, chlorophyll content, the area of flag leaves and the aboveground biomass. The root affected the CO2 emission of soil, and show significantly positive relationship.