高粱体细胞无性系变异的筛选与利用

Studies on Screening and Utilization of Somaclonal Variants in Sorghum

选用幼穗、幼胚、茎尖等五种外植体进行组培,结果表明,幼穗和幼胚的分化率最高,最适宜选用进行高粱体细胞克隆变异利用研究。对9个高粱品系的166个R2代株系进行了观察分析,除两个品系外,其余7个均有变异株系出现,其中晋粱5号的变异频率高达26%,9个品系的平均变异频率为11.24%。筛选到多个高粱骨干恢复系的无性系变异材料,并且以优良变异系R111为父本育成了优良杂交种一个,已通过审定,定名为晋杂18号。

Five types of explants including young embryo, young inflorescence, shoot tips, kernel and mature embryo were cultured . But regenerating ability varies greatly with the different explants types, among which calli from young inflorescence and young embryo has the best regenerating ability. Somaclonal variations were investigated in 166 R2 lines derived from nine genotypes .The results revealed that all the genotypes except two showed somaclonal variations. Among all, the variation frequency of Jinliang No 5 was as high as 26%.The average frequency of all the investigated lines was 11.24%. Many somaclonal variants with special characters were obtained through variation screening method and one excellent hybrid named Jinza No 18 was developed and released.