不同种类饼肥与化肥配施对烟叶香气质量的影响

Effects of Application of Different Types of Cake Fertilizer Combined with Chemical Fertilizer on the Flavor Quality of the Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves

目的研究饼肥与化肥配施对烟叶香气质量的影响,为烟叶生产施肥提供参考依据。方法采用田间试验,对比了芝麻饼、菜籽饼、大豆饼、花生饼4种饼肥与化肥配施对烟叶石油醚提取物、化学成分和香气物质成分含量的影响。结果4种饼肥与化肥各半配施与纯施化肥相比,可明显提高烟叶石油醚提取物含量,增加烟叶香气物质成分的总含量。4种饼肥处理相比,以芝麻饼肥与化肥各半配施烟叶糖碱比较适宜,可明显改善烟叶香吃味,提高烟叶品质。表现为烟叶香气质纯净、香气量较足、杂气较少、刺激性适中、余味舒适、烟气柔和、燃烧性好。结论河南省植烟区烟叶生产选择芝麻饼肥与化肥各半配施为宜。

[Objective] The purpose of this experiment is to research the effects of application of different types of cake fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer on the flavor quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves. [ Mothod ] The field experiment was done to investigat the contents of the petroleum extracts, chemical and aroma components of flue-cured tobacco leaves by applying different types of cake fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer. [Result] The contents of petroleum extracts in leaves were significantly increased in the four cake fertilizer treatments compared with chemical fertilizer treatment. The contents of aroma components in leaves were also increased in the four treatments. High quality leaves containing the suitable ratio of nicotine and reducing sugar could be obtained by the sesame cake treatment. The sensory evaluation indicated that the higher flavor quality of leaves could be obtained by the treatment. The leaves in cake fertilizer treatment had the characteristics of good aroma quantity, full aroma quality, small odor, suitable irritation, comfortable lingering smell, mild smoke and good combustibility. [ Conclusion ] So the higher sensory smoking scores was gained in the cake fertilizer treatment. Consequently 50% of sesame cake N added with 50% of chemical fertilizer N is the optimum combination in tobacco-growing region of Henan Province.