3种仙人掌植物内生真菌抑菌活性的研究

Inhibitory activity of endophytic fungi from three plants of Opuntia Mill.

目的从墨西哥仙人掌、元江仙人掌、绿仙人掌的肉质茎中分离内生真菌,并进行初步鉴定及活性筛选。方法选择30种病原微生物作为指示菌进行抑菌试验。结果从3种仙人掌的茎中分离出111株内生真菌,其中49株内生真菌对一种或多种病原微生物有抑制作用,来自墨西哥仙人掌、元江仙人掌、绿仙人掌的抗菌活性菌株比例分别为48.4%、42.9%及42.3%,其中平板抑菌直径大于15mm的高抗菌株有20株。抗菌活性菌株主要分布于青霉属、曲霉属等19个属中。结论首次从仙人掌中分离和鉴定出111株内生真菌,仙人掌内生真菌中广泛分布着活性菌株。

Objective To isolate endophytic fungi from the stems of Opuntia ficusindica, O. microdasys, and 0. vulgaris so as to identify them and do inhibitory activity screening. Methods Thirty pathogenic microorganisms related to human and plant were antagonized as indicative agents by the endophytic fungi to test their inhibitory activity. Results One hundred and eleven endophytic fungi were isolated from the above three plants of Opuntia Mill. and among them forty-nine had inhibitory activity against one or more pathogenic microorganisms. The percentage of antimicrobial strains was as follows. O. microdasys 48.4%, O. ficusindica 42.9%, and O. vulgaris 42.3%. Twenty strains had high antimicrobial activities and their inhibition zone diameter was at least 15 mm. The active strains were identified to 19 genera, such as Penicillius Lamark and Aspergillus. Conclusion One hundred and eleven endophytic fungi are firstly isolated and identified from the three plants of Opuntid Mill.and many of the strains have the inhibitory activity.