连翘果实干物质与有效成分积累规律研究

Regulation of dry substance and active components accumulation in fruit of Forsythia suspensa

目的 研究不同生长期连翘果实干物质及叶和果实中有效成分的积累规律。方法 采用百果质量研究果实干物质的积累，HPLC法测定连翘叶与果实中有效成分的量。结果 5～7月是连翘果实干物质积累的重要时期。在整个生长过程中，种子、叶和壳中连翘酯苷、连翘苷、芦丁的量均呈下降趋势。8月下旬至9月上旬，果实干物质积累已趋缓，种子和壳中有效成分的量稳定，变异小。壳中有效成分的量经9～10月的快速下降后，10月20日左右质量分数趋于稳定且达最低。青翘中有效成分的量高于老翘，青翘中连翘酯苷、连翘苷与芦丁的比例与老翘存在显著差异。结论 在北京地区，8月下旬至9月上旬，为青翘最佳采收期；10月20日左右为老翘的最佳采收期。

Objective To study the regulation of dry substance and active components accumulation in the fruit of Forsythia suspensa. Methods The dry substance of the fruit was analyzed by the method of hundred grain mass. The contents of the active components in leaves, shucks, and seeds were analyzed by HPLC. Results The period for F. suspensa to accumulate the dry substance was mainly May and July. During the whole growth phase, the active components, such as forsythiaside, forsythin, and rutin in different parts, were decreasing. From the last ten-day of August to the first ten-day of September, the accumulation of the dry substance came to stability and the contents of active components in shucks and seed were stable. The contents of active components in shucks decreased rapidly from September to October, and then came to stability and the contents in shucks is the least during the last ten-day of October. So the contents of active components in younger F. suspensa are higher than that in elder one, and the proportion among forsythiaside, forsythins, and lution is also significantly different from elder seeds. Conclusion It is more preferable to pick younger F. suspensa from the last ten-day of August to the first ten-day of September and to pick elder F. suspensa during last ten-day of October.