黄芩愈伤组织培养及黄芩苷合成调控的研究

Regulation of callus culture and baicalin synthesis in Scutellaria baicalensis

目的 研究黄芩愈伤组织培养和黄芩苷合成调控的规律。方法 采用植物细胞培养技术诱导愈伤组织；HPLC法测定黄芩苷的量。结果 黄芩愈伤组织生长和黄芩苷积累的优势培养条件为：在基本培养基MS中氮源浓度为60 mmol/L（NH4＋：NO3-为1：1），KH2PO4浓度0.5～1.5 mmol/L，附加80 g/L蔗糖，0.3 mg/L IAA，2mg/L6-BA和200 mg/L蛋白胨，温度：（25±1）℃，暗培养。培养40 d后收获愈伤组织，生物量达28.7 g/L，黄芩苷为167.4 mg/g，明显高于野生黄芩的最高量。结论 黄芩愈伤组织的生长和黄芩苷的积累并不同步，而是先生长后合成。蔗糖对黄芩苷的合成具有明显的调节作用，在蔗糖质量浓度小于3%时，能有效促进愈伤组织的生长，但对黄芩苷的合成没有刺激作用；当蔗糖质量浓度在3%～8%时，愈伤组织表现出明显的生长和次生代谢功能，黄芩愈伤组织的生长及黄芩苷合成明显增加；当蔗糖质量浓度在8%时，两者均达到最大值。

To study the rule of callus culture and baicalin synthesis in Scutellaria baicalensis Methods Callus was induced by plant cell culture technology and the content of baicalin was determind by HPLC.Results The optimal culture medium on the growth of callus and the synthesis of baicalin in S. baicalensis is： MS culture medium, 60 mmol/L （NH4^＋ ： NO3^-=1 ： 1）, 0. 5—1.5 mmol/L KH2PO4, 80 g/L sucrose, 0. 3 mg/L IAA, 2 mg/L 6-BA, and 200 mg/L peptone. When it was cultured for 40 d,the total biomass reached 28.7 g/L and the content of baicalin was 167.4 mg/g, which was much higher than that of wild S. baicalensis.Conclusion The growth of S. baicalensis callus and the accumulation of baicalin are not underway simultaneously; the callus grows first and then its secondary metabolic products synthesize. It is obvious for sucrose to regulate the baicalin synthesis. When the concentration of sucrose is less than 3%, it could only promote the callus growth; when between 3% and 8%, it could greatly increase not only the callus growth but also the baicalin synthesis, when 8%, both of them arrive to the maximum content.