大兴安岭北部西坡寒棕壤标准剖面的研究

STUDIES ON THE STANDARD PROFILES OF CRYO-BROWN SOIL IN THE NORTH AREA OF DAXING' ANLING MOUNTAIN

在对大兴安岭北部林区寒棕壤进行多次面上调查及定位研究的基础上，根据初步拟定的“寒棕壤系统分类”，选择了具有广泛代表性的大兴安岭北部西坡潮查自然保护区作为寒棕壤标准剖面采集地点，并按“中国土壤系统分类研究项目”拟定的土壤剖面描述标准和土壤实验室分析项目及方法规范进行外业采集土壤标本和内业土壤分析。研究结果讨论了寒棕壤标准剖面的成土条件和基本性质；并以诊断层和诊断特性为基础研究检查了寒棕壤系统分类中的问题，对诊断层中的诊断表层（腐殖质表层、潜育特征），诊断表下层（风化Ｂ层、粘化层、灰化淀积层、灰化淀积特征）和诊断特性中的冻融特征、土壤水分状况、土壤温度状况、地表至５０ｃｍ土层的石砾含量等进行了检查讨论。

Based on several ordinary investigations (including west slope, east slope and north slope) and long-term fix-position research of cryo-brown soil under the forests of the north area of Daxing'anling mountain, according to keys to taxonomic classification index of cryo-brown soil, Caocha natural reserve with wide representative characteristic which is in the west slope of the north area of Daxing'anling mountain is selected as the collecting site of cryo-brown soil standard profiles. According to describing standard of the soil profiles, and the soil analysis program and method in laboratory established by 'The Research Program of the Chinese Soil Taxonomic Classification', the field collecting soil sample and analyzing soil in laboratory were carried out. The research result discussed about the condition of soil-forming in cryo-brown soil profiles and its basic characteristic, and based on the diagnostic horizon and diagnostic characteristic, studied the problems of the taxonomic classification of cryo-brown soil, and also studied and discussed the diagnostic surface horizon (humus surface horizon and gley surface horizon),diagnostic subsurface horizon (weathering B horizon, argillic horizon, spodic horizon and spodic characteristics) in the diagnostic horizons and the diagnostic characteristics including the freezethaw characteristic, soil moisture regime, soil temperature regime, the content of gravel on the surface to 50 cm soil layer.