南京早椒×C．chinense种间杂交的受精和胚胎发育

Fertilization and Embryogenesis of Capsicum frutescens×C.chinense

对南京早椒（ＣａｐｓｉｃｕｍｆｒｕｔｅｓｃｅｎｓＬＶａｒ．ＣｏｎｏｉｄｅｓＢａｉｌｅｙ）×Ｃ．Ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｅ种间杂交受精和胚胎发育过程的观察表明：授粉后２～６小时，花粉在柱头上萌发，８～１２小时为花粉萌发盛期，产生花粉管，开始进入柱头组织。授粉后５２～７２小时，精核进入卵细胞和中央细胞，完成双受精。原胚发育为茄型。从授粉、受精、合子分裂、指形胚、球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷形胚至成熟胚的整个发育阶段历经３２天。极核受精前靠近卵器，受精后立即分裂。胚乳发育属细胞型。杂交组受精和胚胎发育较自交组迟。

This paper presents a report on the process of the fertilization and embryo development of Nanjing Zao Jiao ( Capsicum frutescens L. Var. conoidees Bailey ) × C. chinense. The results showed that pollen germinated on the stigma about 2～6 hours after pollination; most of pollen germinated on the stigma, and the pollen tube passed the style 8～12 hours after pollination; about 52～72 hours after pollination, the sperm nucleus entered into the egg cell and central cell, then the double fertilization completed. The proembryo development looked like the solanad type. After pollination, the whole development process from fertilization, zygeto division, finger proembryo, globularembryo , torpedo to mature embryo underwent 32 days. Before fertilization, the polar nucleus was near the egg apparatus. The secondary nucleus immediately divided after fertilization. The endosperm development belonged to the cell type. The stage of fertilization and embryo development of the hybrid combination was later than the parental combination.